Quality Flat Roofing

Built-Up Roof (BUR):

The traditional hot-tar-and-gravel roofing system consists of three or more layers of waterproof material alternated with hot tar and ballasted by a layer of smooth river stone. While it was initially crafted from tar paper, modern versions incorporate more advanced materials like fiberglass membranes.

Pros: Gravel provides excellent fire resistance, making it a suitable choice. It can be visually appealing for areas with windows and decks overlooking the roof. BUR is the most cost-effective option among the four roof types.

Cons: BUR roofing systems are very heavy, often requiring reinforcement of the underlying joists. Installation can be smelly and messy, making it unsuitable for occupied homes. It’s not a recommended DIY project, and identifying the source of leaks can be challenging. Additionally, gravel can accumulate in gutters and scuppers, potentially causing clogs.

Modified Bitumen Roof:

This single-ply rolled roofing material is similar to ice-and-water shield but is equipped with a mineral-based wear surface. Torch-down systems involve heating the adhesive while unrolling the material, while newer peel-and-stick systems offer enhanced safety and simplicity.

Pros: Peel-and-stick materials are suitable for homeowner installation. The light-colored mineral surface reflects heat, leading to energy savings. It falls within the mid-range in terms of cost.

Cons: Torch-down application carries a fire hazard risk and is not recommended for occupied buildings. Modified bitumen roofs are not as scuff- or tear-resistant as rubber-membrane roofing options.

Rubber Membrane Roof:

EPDM, short for ethylene propylene diene monomer, is a true rubber roofing material. This durable single-ply membrane resembles an inner tube but is engineered to resist damage from sunlight. EPDM roofing can be mechanically anchored with fasteners, ballasted with stone, or adhered using adhesive.

Pros: Homeowners can undertake EPDM roof installation. The material is relatively lightweight and highly resistant to scuffs and tears. Leaks are relatively easy to patch.

Cons: The standard black EPDM material absorbs heat, while light-colored coatings (recommended for warm climates) can add 30% or more to the cost. Even the black version, though cost-effective, is pricier than BUR or modified bitumen. EPDM is also more susceptible to punctures than other roofing choices.